The underlying theme of my work is the interaction between the population dynamics of exploited species and the incentives experienced by the people who hunt them. To conserve hunted species effectively the system must be understood holistically, both the ecology of the species and its interaction with its environment, and the legal, economic and social conditions shaping the users' incentives. I use modelling and fieldwork to explore these interactions and to develop policy recommendations for the conservation and management of exploited species.